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DECIDUOUS TREES

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COMMON NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

URBAN TOLERANCE

SALT TOLERANCE

SOIL

CONDITIONS TOLERATED

NATIVE

HEIGHT

SPREAD

Alder, Black

Alnus glutinosa

Sensitive

Sensitive

Most, except very sandy

 

Native

40' / 12m

30' / 9m

Alder, White, Grey or Speckled

Alnus incana

Sensitive

Sensitive

Most, except very sandy

Wet

 

50' / 15m

30' / 9m

Apples

Malus spp.

Sensitive

Sensitive

         

Ash, Black

Fraxinus nigra

Very tolerant

Very tolerant

Moist

Wet

Native

46' / 14m

26' / 8m

Ash, White

Fraxinus americana

Tolerant

Tolerant

Most, except very dry

 

Native

70' / 21m

60' / 18m

Ash, Green

Fraxinus pennsylvanica

Tolerant

Tolerant

Most

 

Native

60' / 18m

30’ / 9m

Ash, American Mountainash

Sorbus americana

Moderate

Moderate

Moist

Dry

Native

20' / 6m

12' / 3.6m

Ash, European Mountainash  / Rowan

Sorbus aucuparia

Moderate

Moderate

Well-drained

   

30' / 9m

30' / 9m

Aspen,  Bigtooth

Populus grandidentata

Tolerant

Tolerant

Most

 

Native

60' / 18m

30' / 9m

Aspen, Quaking

Populus tremuloides

Moderate

Moderate

Most

 

Native

46' /14m

26' / 8m

Basswood

Tilia americana

Sensitive

Sensitive

Deep, well-drained

Wet

Native

60' / 18m

40' / 12m

Beech, American

Fagus americana

Very Sensitive

Very Sensitive

Neutral to alkaline

 

Native

60' / 18m

110' / 36m

Beech, Blue / Hornbeam

Carpinus caroliniana

Very Sensitive

Very Sensitive

Drier soil, partial to heavy shade

 

Native

30' / 9m

30' / 9m

Birch, Grey

Betula populifolia

Tolerant

Tolerant

Poor, sandy, rocky, gravelly, heavier soil

Wet / Dry

Does not like competition!

Native

30' / 9m

10-20' /

3-6m

Birch, Weeping

Betula papyrifera pendulum

Tolerant

Tolerant

Well-drained to moist

   

50' / 15m

35' / 10.5m

Birch, White

Betula alba papyrifera

Tolerant

Tolerant

Slightly acidic, well-drained

 

Native

60' / 18m

40' / 12m

Birch, Yellow

Betula alleghaniensis

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Moist

 

Native

70' / 21m

40' / 12m

Buckeye, Ohio

Aesculus glabra

Tolerant

Tolerant

Deep, moist, well-drained

Best in natural setting - needs space

Native

35' / 10.5m

25' / 7.5m

Butternut

Juglans cinerea

Sensitive

Sensitive

Deep, rich, moist dry, rocky

 

Native

45' / 13.5m

40' / 12m

Catalpa

Catalpa speciosa

Moderate

Moderate

Moist

   

50' / 15m

30' / 9m

Cherries

Prunus spp.

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

       

Cherry, Black

Prunus serotina

Moderate

Moderate

Deep, moist, fertile

Dry, gravelly, sandy

Native

70’ / 21m

50’ /  15m

Cherry, Manchu / Nanking

Prunus tomentosa

Tolerant

Tolerant

     

10’ / 3m

15’ / 4.5m

Cherry, Sargent

Prunus sargentii

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Well-drained

   

40-50' / 12-15m

40-50' /

12-15m

Chokecherry, Common

Prunus virginiana

Tolerant

Tolerant

   

Native

25' / 7.5m

20' / 6m

Chokecherry, Amur

Prunus maackii

Tolerant

Tolerant

Well-drained

Dry

 

40' / 12m

25' / 7.5m

Chokecherry, Shubert

Prunus

Moderate

Moderate

 

Dry

Native

25' / 7.5m

20' / 6m

Birdcherry

Prunus padus

Tolerant

Tolerant

Adaptable

* intolerant of shade

 

30-40' /

9-12m

Rounded form

Pincherry

Prunus pennsylvanica

Tolerant

Tolerant

Most

 

Native

25-40'/
7.5-12m

18-25' /

5.4-7.5m

Coffeetree, Kentucky

Gymnocladus dioicus

Moderate

Moderate

Deep, well-drained

Adaptable

Native

60' / 18m

40' / 12m

Cottonwood / Eastern Poplar

Populus deltoides

Tolerant

Tolerant

Moist

Dry

Native

90' / 27m

60' / 18m

Flowering Crabapples

Malus spp.

Sensitive

Sensitive

       

   

 

 

All crabapples are best grown in heavy loam, well-drained, moist, and acidic (pH 5.0-6.5) soils.  Asiatic forms are much more resistant to disease than the forms native to North America. There are about 700 types of crabapples. The following is a list of the more disease-resistant forms:

`Adams’

 

Sensitive

       

25' / 7.5m

 

`Baskatong'

 

Sensitive

       

30' / 9m

 

`Beauty'

 

Sensitive

       

25' / 7.5m

 

`Coral   Cascade'

 

Sensitive

       

15' / 4.5m

 

`Ames White'

 

Sensitive

       

25' / 7.5m

 

`Autumn Glory'

 

Sensitive

       

12' /3.6m

 

`Dolgo'

 

Very Sensitive

       

30-40'/ 9-12m

 

`Evelyn'

 

Sensitive

       

20" / 6m

 

`Gibbs Golden Gage'

 

Sensitive

       

20" / 6m

 

`Henningi'

 

Sensitive

       

25' / 7.5m

 

`Jackii'

Malus baccata jackii

Sensitive

       

30-0' /
9-12m

 

`Profusion'

 

Sensitive

       

20" / 6m

 

`Robinson'

 

Sensitive

       

25" / 7.5m

 

`Rosseau'

 

Sensitive

       

40' / 12m

 

`Sissipuk'

 

Sensitive

       

40' / 12m

 

`Sparkler'

 

Sensitive

       

15' / 4.5m

 

Flowering Crab, Siberian

Malus baccata

Sensitive

       

20-50'/
6-15m

 

Flowering Crab, Japanese

Malus floribunda

Sensitive

       

15-25' /

4.5-7.5m

 

Elm, Chinese / Lacebark

Do not confuse with Siberian Elm!

Ulmus parvifolia

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Any

   

50’ / 15m

36’ / 11m

Elm, Scots

Ulmus glabra

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

     

80-100’ /

24-34m

50-70' /

15-21m

Elm, Siberian

Ulmus pumila

Tolerant

Tolerant

Any

   

60' / 18m

40' / 12m

Elm, Slippery

Ulmus rubra

Sensitive

Sensitive

Moist, rich bottom-lands

Dry, limestone soils

Native

40-60’ /

12-18m

Vase-shaped

Elm, American, White, Grey, Water  or Swamp

Ulmus americana

Sensitive

Tolerant

rich, moist

Adaptable

Native

60-80' / 18-24m

Spread ½ to 2/3 the height

Filbert, Turkish

Corylus colurna

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Well-drained, loamy

Adaptable and drought- tolerant

 

50’ / 15m

Spread ½ to 2/3 the height

Ginkgo

Ginkgo biloba

Tolerant

Tolerant

Most

   

80' / 24m

40' / 12m

Hackberry

Celtis occidentalis

Very Tolerant

Tolerant

Most

Dry

Native

60-60’ /

12-18’m

60-60’ /

12-18’m

Hawthorn, Cockspur

Crataegus crusgalli

Moderate

Moderate

Well-drained

 

Native

20’ / 6m

27’ / 7.5m

Hawthorn, Toba

Crataegus mordenensis

Moderate

Moderate

Well-drained

   

20' / 6m

20' / 6m

Hickory, Bitternut

Carya cordiformis

Sensitive

Sensitive

Well-drained to dry, fairly rich

 

Native

65' / 20m

20'/ 6m

Hickory, Pignut

Carya glabra

Sensitive

Sensitive

Well-drained-dry, fairly rich

 

Native

50-60' / 15-18m

30' / 9m

Hickory, Shagbark

Carya ovata

Sensitive

Sensitive

Rich, well-drained

Adaptable

Native

80' / 24m

35’ / 10.5m

Hophorn-beam, American / Ironwood

Ostrya virginiana

Moderate

Moderate

Most, not wet

Dry

Native

40' / 12m

25' / 7.5m

Hornbeam, Blue Beech

Carpinus caroliniana

Very Sensitive

Very Sensitive

Deep, rich, moist, slightly acidic

Drier soil, partial to heavy shade

Native

30’ / 9m

30’ / 9m

Horse Chestnut, Red

Aesculus x carnea

Tolerant

Tolerant

Deep, well-drained

   

40’ / 12m

30’ / 9m

Horse Chestnut

Aesculus hippocastanum

Tolerant

Tolerant

Moist, well-drained

   

70' / 21m

40-70' /

12-21m

Ironwood / Hophorn-beam, American

Ostrya virginiana

Moderate

Moderate

Most, not wet

Dry

Native

40' / 12m

25' / 7.5m

Kentucky Coffeetree

Gymnocladus dioicus

Tolerant

Moderate

Deep, rich, moist

Adaptable

Native

60-70' / 18-21m

40-50' /

12-15m

Lilac, Japanese Tree Lilac

Syringa reticulata

Tolerant

Tolerant

Loose, well-drained

   

20-30’ /

6-9m

20’ / 6m

Linden, American

Tilia americana

Sensitive

Sensitive

Deep, well-drained

Wet

Native

70' / 21m

40’ / 12m

Linden, Little Leaf

Tilia cordata

Very Tolerant

Moderate

Moist, well-drained, fertile

Adaptable

Native

70' / 21m

40' / 12m

Locust, Black

Robinia pseudoacacia

Very tolerant

Very tolerant

Most

Adaptable

Native

30-50' /

 9-15m

20-30' /

  6-9m

Locust, Globe

Robinia pseudoacacia

umbraculifera

Very tolerant

Very tolerant

 

Dry

 

20' / 6m

20' / 6m

Honey Locust

Gleditsia triacanthos

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Rich, moist bottom-lands, soils of limestone origin

Tolerates drought conditions

Native

30-70' /

 9-21m

30-70' /

  9-21m

Maple, Amur

Acer ginnala

Moderate

Moderate

Moist, well-drained

Adaptable

 

18' / 5.4m

18' / 5.4m

Maple, Ash-leaved

Acer negundo

Moderate

Moderate

Any

 

Native

30-50' /

  9-15m

30-50' /

  9-15m

Maple, Norway

Acer platanoides

Tolerant

Tolerant

Most

   

50' / 15m

Spread 2/3 of height or equal to height

Maple, Red

Acer rubrum

Sensitive

Sensitive

Moist, slightly acidic

Wet / Dry

Adaptable

Native

60’ / 18m

60’ / 18m

Maple, Silver

Acer saccharinum

Moderate

Moderate

Most

Wet / Dry

Native

75’ / 21m

50’ / 15m

Maple, Sugar

Acer saccharum

Sensitive

Sensitive

Moist, slightly acidic

 

Native

65’ / 19.5m

45’ / 13.5m

Maple, Sycamore

Acer pseudo-Platanus

Sensitive

Sensitive

 

Very adaptable

 

50’ / 15m

Spread 2/3 of height or equal to height

Mountainash, American

Sorbus americana

Moderate

Moderate

Moist

Dry

Native

20’ / 6m

12’ / 3.6m

Mountainash, European / Rowan

Sorbus aucuparia

Moderate

Moderate

Well-drained

   

30’ / 9m

20’ / 6m

Mulberries

Morus spp.

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

         

Mulberry, White or Common

Morus alba

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

 

Adaptable

 

30-50’ /

  9-15m

Spread equal to height

Oak, Bur

Quercus macrocarpa

Tolerant

Tolerant

Most

Not compacted

Native

75’ / 22.5m

Spread

equal to height

Oak, English

Quercus robar

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Good, well-drained

   

75-100' / 22.5-30

Spread equal to height

Oak, Pin

Quercus palustris

Moderate

Moderate

Moist, well-drained, rich, acidic

Wet

Native

60' / 18m

30' / 9m

Oak, Red

Quercus rubra

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Sandy, acidic

 

Native

60’ / 18m

60’ / 18m

Oak, White

Quercus alba

Tolerant

Tolerant

Deep, well-drained

   

90' / 27m

50-80' /

15-24m

Ohio Buckeye

Aesculus glabra

Tolerant

Tolerant

Deep, well-drained

 

Native

35' / 10.5m

25' / 7.5m

Olive, Russian

Elaeagnus angustifolia

Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Most, best in light, sandy loams

Dry

 

20' / 6m

Spread

equal to height

Poplars

Populus spp.

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

         

Poplar, Eastern / Cottonwood

Populus deltoides

Tolerant

Tolerant

Moist

Tolerates dry

Native

90' / 27m

60' / 18m

Poplar, White

Populus alba

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Moist, deep loam

   

40-70' / 12-21m

40-70' /

12-21m

Poplar, Balsam

Populus balsamifera

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

         

Poplar, Lombardy

Populus

Sensitive

Sensitive

     

70-90' / 21-27m

10-15' /

  3-5m

Russian Olive

Elaeagnus angustifolia

Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Most, best in light, sandy loams

Dry

 

20’ / 6m

Spread

equal to height

Serviceberry, Downy

Amelanchier arborea

Sensitive

Sensitive

Moist, well-drained, acidic

Adaptable

Native

20' / 6m

Variable spread

Saskatoon Serviceberry

Amelanchier alnifolia

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Alkaline

Tolerates harsh climate

Native

3-18’ / 1-6m

Variable

Serviceberry, Allegheny

Amelanchier laevis

Moderate

Moderate

   

Native

   

Serviceberry, Shadblow

Amelanchier canadensis

Tolerant

Tolerant

     

6-20' /

2-6m

Variable

Tuliptree

Liriodendron tulipifera

Moderate

Very Tolerant

   

Native

70-9-‘ / 21-27m

40' /12m

Walnut, Black

Juglans nigra

Sensitive

Sensitive

Deep, rich, moist

Tolerates drier soil but is then  slower-growing

Native

75' / 21m

Spread equal to height

Wayfaring Tree

Viburnum lantana

Very Tolerant

Very Tolerant

Moist, well-drained, slightly acidic

   

15' / 4.5m

10-15' /

  3-4.5m

Willow, Goat

Salix caprea

Moderate

Moderate

Moist

Wet

 

15-25' /

4.5-7.5m

12-15' /

3.5-4.5m

Willow, Golden

Salix alba vitelina

Tolerant

Tolerant

Moist, not chalky

   

75-100' / 22.5-30m

50-100' / 15-30m

Willow, Laurel

Salix Pentandra

Moderate

Moderate

Moist

Wet

 

60’ / 18m

40’ / 12m

Willow, Purple Osier

Salix purpurea

Moderate

Moderate

Moist

Wet

 

10-18’ /

  3-5.4m

6-10' /

2-3m

Willow, Black Pussy

Salix Melanostachys

Moderate

Tolerant

Moist

Wet

 

6-10’ /

2-3m

 

Willow, Weeping Golden

Salix ‘Tristis’

Moderate

Moderate

Moist

Wet

 

75-100' / 22.5-30m

50-100' / 15-30m

Willow, White

Salix alba

Tolerant

Moderate

Moist, not chalky

Wet

 

75-100' / 22.5-30m

50-100' / 15-30m

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